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三．施工工艺流程：ConstructionProcess:

前期准备→电缆沟测量、定位→确定开挖顺序→沿灰线切出槽边轮廓线→分层开挖→修整槽边→清底preparation→cabletrenchmeasurements→excavationorder→cuttingcontourlinealongthecalcareousness→stratifiedexcavation→finishingcabletrenchedge→clearup

JB／T 13885-2020 气体调压装置用安全切断阀.pdf四.前期准备Preparations

4.1技术准备technicalpreparation

1）针对本工程特点编审详细的电缆沟施工作业指导书，及时组织图纸会审。Compileparticularcabletrenchconstructionengineeringguidebookasperprojectcharacteristicsandorganizepromptlydrawingsjointexamination.

2)根据上海市电力建设工程施工工艺实施细则结合本工程实际编写电缆沟施工工艺卡，并组织实施。CompileconstructiontechniquecardsaccordingtotheShanghaiMunicipalElectricPowerConstructionEngineeringConstructionTechnologyImplementationDetailsandorganizeitsimplementation.

4.2材料准备Materialpreparation

根据材料计划采购所有的材料。所有材料规格型号及电压等级应符合设计要求，并有产品合格证。Purchasematerialsaspertheplan.Allmaterialsspecificationmodelsandthevoltagelevelshouldmeetthedesignrequirementsandhaveproductcertificates.

4.3主要机具准备Mainequipmentspreparation

4.4作业环境准备operatingenvironmentpreparations

1）土方开挖前，应根据施工方案的要求，将施工区域内的地上、地下障碍物清除和处理完毕。Priortoearthexcavation,clearupobstructionsonthegroundorundergroundasperconstructionplan.

3）场地要清理平整，做好排水坡度，在施工区域内，要挖临时性排水沟。Cleanupthesiteandmakedrainageslope.Excavatetemporarydrainsintheconstructionarea.

5）开挖低于地下水位的基坑（槽）时，应根据工程地质资料，采取措施降低地下水位，一般要降至低于开挖底面的0．5m，然后再开挖。Excavatebasepit(groove)belowthegroundwaterlevelshouldlowgroundwaterlevelbasedonengineeringgeologicaldatatobelowerthan0.5moftheunderside,andthenexcavate.

五.电缆沟施工CableTrenchConstruction

5.1电缆沟测量、定位cabletrenchmeasurementandpositioning

2)电缆沟线路测量包括定线测量、水准测量和直接丈量。Thecabletrenchlinemeasurementsincludealignment,levelinganddirectmeasurement.

在进行沟槽水准测量时,应沿线设临时水准点,临时水准点标高值由控制水准点引测。

Conductlevelingshouldsettemporarystandardpoints,whoseelevationiscitedbythecontrolmeasure.

5.2电缆沟开挖CableTrenchExcavation

一般粘性土可自上而下分层开挖，每层深度以60cm为宜，从开挖端部逆向倒退按踏步型挖掘。Generallyclaycanbeexcavatedfromtoptobottombylayerwiththeappropriatedepth60cm.backwardexcavatefromtheendbysteppingtype.

碎石类土先用镐翻松，正向挖掘，每层深度，视翻土厚度而定，每层应清底和出土，然后逐步挖掘。Graveltypesoilfirstusepicktoloose,thenforwardexcavatewitheachlayerdepthdependedonthethicknessofdiggingsoil.Clearthebottomanddigouttheearthbylayerandthenexcavategradually.

5)在开挖槽边弃土时，应保证边坡和直立帮的稳定。当土质良好时，抛于槽边的土方（或材料），应距槽（沟）边缘0．8m以外，高度不宜超过1m。开挖基坑（槽）的土方，在场地有条件堆放时，留足回填需用的好土，多余的土方运出，避免二次搬运。Excavatesideearthshouldensurethestabilityoftheslopeandupright.Whenthesoilisfine,throwearthonthegrooveside(ormaterial)0.8mawayfromthepit(groove)edgewithheightmorethan1m.Stackbackfillsoilifithasconditionsandmovetheexcessearthouttoavoidsecondaryhandling.

机械与人工相结合开挖路线（A472至C581南线与北线）Mechanicalandmanualexcavationline(A472toC581SouthLineandNorthLine)

人工开挖路线（A472至B301S支线）Manualexcavationline(A472toB301SBranch)

在人工开挖路线上，安排人员进行开挖，不得机械开挖。开挖过程中需要小心谨慎，注意地下管线。Arrangepersonnelonmanualexcavationlineratherthantakingmechanicalexcavation.Payattentiontoundergroundpipelines.

雨期开挖基坑（槽）时，应注意边坡稳定，必要时可适当放缓边坡或设置支撑。同时应在坑（槽）外侧围以土堤或开挖水沟，防止地面水流入。施工时应加强对边坡、支撑、土堤等的检查。Onpluvialdaysexcavatepit(groove),payattentiontoslopestability.Ifnecessary,lowslopeorsetupsupport.Meanwhileencloseembankmentaroundthepit(groove)ordidaditchtopreventsurfacewaterinflow.Strengthenoncheckingtheslope,support,embankmentetc.

8）土方开挖不宜在冬期施工。如必须在冬期施工时，其施工方法应按冬施方案进行。Earthexcavationshouldnotbedoneinthewinterperiod.Ifnecessary,takewinterprogram.

开挖电缆沟时，必须防止沟底基土遭受冻结，如沟槽开挖完毕至埋设电缆之间，有较长的停歇时间，应在基底标高以上预留适当厚度的松土，或用其他保温材料覆盖Preventthegroovebasesoilbefrozen,suchastheintervalbetweentrenchexcavationandcablelayingreserveloosesoilwithappropriatethicknessabovebasementelevationorcoverwithotherthermalinsulationmaterial.

9）开槽后及时约请各有关人员验槽，验槽合格后方可进行下道工序。Inviterelatedpersonneltochecktheexcavatedtrenchandcarryoutthenextworkingprocedureafterpassingtheexamination.

六.质量控制QualityControl

6.1电缆沟外形尺寸允许偏差表Allowabledeviatedexternaldimensionsofcabletrenchtable

允许偏差项目allowabledeviation

电缆沟外形尺寸允许偏差allowabledeviatedexternaldimensionsofcabletrenchtable

允许偏差（mm）allowabledeviation

检验方法testmethod

标高elevation

＋0mm ，－50mm

用水准仪检查waterlevelcheck

长度、宽度length,width

由设计中心向两边量、拉线和尺量检查designcentermeasureandpulllineonbothsidesandrulerinspection

steepsideslope

不允许notallowed

坡度尺检查gradientrulerinspection

6.2应注意的质量问题Qualityissues

4）施工顺序不合理：土方开挖宜先从低处开挖，分层分段依次进行，形成一定坡度，以利排水。Theconstructionsequenceisunreasonable:earthexcavationshouldbeginfromthelowerplace,layerbylayerandsectionbysectioninturn;formacertainslopetofacilitatedrainage.

5）开挖尺寸不足：电缆沟底部的开挖宽度，应根据施工需要增加工作面宽度。Theexcavationsizeisnotenough:Cabletrenchbottomwidthshouldbeincreasedasperconstructionneeds.

6）电缆沟边坡不直不平、基底不平：应加强检查，随挖随修，并要认真验收。Slopeisnotstraightandbaseisuneven:strengtheninspection,repaircabletrench,andthenacceptseriously.

七.成品保护FinishedProtection

2)土方开挖时，应防止邻近已有建筑物或构筑物、道路、管线等发生下沉和变形。必要时应与设计单位或建设单位协商采取防护措施，并在施工中进行沉降或位移观测。Notesubsidenceanddeformationofneighboringexistingbuildingsorstructures,roads,pipelinesetc.Takeprotectivemeasureswithdesignandconstructionunitandconstructobservationonsettlementordisplacement.

3)在敷设有地上或地下管线、电缆的地段进行土方施工时，应事先取得有关管理部门的书面同意，施工中应采取措施，以防止损坏管线，造成严重事故Conductearthworkontheareaneedstolaygroundorundergroundpipelines,cablespriortogettingwrittenconsentoftherelevantadministrativedepartments.Onconstructiontakemeasurestopreventdamagingpipelinesandcauseseriousaccidents.

八.施工记录ConstructionofRecord

1)自互检记录。Selfandmutualinspectionrecords

九.安全生产、文明施工要求和措施SafetyandCivilizedConstructionRequestsandMeasures

1）开工前应做好施工场地内的道路，开辟适当的工作面，做好检查和必要的加宽、加固工作，以利安全施工。Buildsiteroadsandappropriateworkarea.Widenandstrengthenordertofacilitatesafeconstruction.

2）电缆沟开挖工程应注意边坡和基坑的稳定性，一般应按先深后浅的顺序施工GB 50620-2020 粘胶纤维工厂技术标准(完整正版、清晰无水印).pdf，并应采取必要的保护措施。Notethestabilityoftheslopeandbase,generallyconstructfromdeeptoshallowandtakenecessaryprotectivemeasures.

4）夜间施工时，应合理安排施工项目，防止挖方超挖超深。施工现场应根据需要设置足够的照明设施，在危险地段应设置红灯警示。Rationallyarrangenightconstructionprojectsandpreventtheultraexcavation.Theconstructionsetupadequatelightingfacilitiesandredlightwarningondangerouslines.

5）土方开挖前，应会同有关单位对附近以有的建筑物、构筑物、道路等管线进行检查和鉴定，并在整个施工期间，加强监测，发现问题应与设计或建设单位协商采取防护措施，并及时处理。Inspectandappraisenearbybuildings,structures,roads,pipelineswithrelevantunits.Strengthenmonitoringandconsultwiththedesignortheconstructionunittotakeprotectivemeasuresandtimelyprocessissuesfound.

6）电缆沟四周设置的防护栏杆应符合安全规定。Aroundcabletrenchsetprotectiverailingsaspersafetyrequirements.

8）电缆沟的开挖或回填应连续进行，尽快完成。施工中应防止地面水流入沟内，以免边坡塌方或基土遭到破坏。Cabletrenchexcavationorbackfillingshallbecontinuousandspeedy.Preventwatergoingintothetrenchtocauseslopeordamagethebase.

9）雨季施工或电缆沟挖好后不能及时进行下一道工序时，可在基底标高以上留150～300MM一层不挖，待下一工序开始时再挖除。Donotdothenextprocesswhenfinishtheexcavationoronrainingseason,butleave150～300MMbaseelevationuntilthenextprocess.

10）开工前准备好安全设施，现场安排充足的管理人员，做到随时有人巡检；机械作业必须有人守护，防止事故发生；进场的工人必须进行安全教育培训，挖土前必须进行技术交底并签字，同时与工人签定安全用工合同。Preparesafetyfacilitiesandadequatemanagementpersonneltodosomeinspectionatanytime;machineoperationsmustbeguardedtopreventaccidents;conductsafetyeducationandtrainingandtechnicalclarification;signsafetyemploymentcontractswithworkers.

SYT 6349-2019 石油物探地震队安全管理规范.pdf附厂区电缆沟图：Attached:cabletrenchdrawing