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当忽略其它情况，如疏排干底含水引起的应力，则井筒所受的应力状况如下表

通过EXCLE，得到，应力曲线如下

a.冬季井壁总的应力状态

b.夏季井壁总的应力况

通过夏季与冬季应力状况的比较，对整个井筒来说，温度应力的变化，夏季比之于冬季，会小量减少外壁的压应力，会小量增加内壁所受的压应力，从井壁破坏的实际看，井壁呈现受压破坏，且为内壁，破坏时间为夏季上来看，温度应力的这种变化形式是符合生产实际的，而从另一方面又说明，温度应力不是华东89井害的直接原因孔窗式护面墙施工方案，而只是一个诱导因素。

5.温度应力的季节性变化，又会导致另一种结果的产生，疲劳运动。这一点，在井壁破坏的实际中，可以看到井壁出现剥落掉现象，与分析符合。

[1]崔广心.徐淮地区井壁破坏原因的初步研究.煤炭科学技术.1991

[2]郑颖平.井壁中温度应力的初步研究(硕士学位论文).安徽理工大学.2006

[3]崔广心.深厚表土中竖井井壁的外载.岩土工程学报,2003

[4]崔广心.深厚表土中的冻结壁和井壁.徐州：XX矿业大学出版社.1998

[5]赵志根.井壁破裂研究中应力注意的几个问题.西部探矿工程.2004

[6]经来旺.冻结壁融化阶段井壁破裂因素分析及防破裂措施研究.工程力学,2003,

[7]孙文若.冻结法凿井钢筋混凝土井壁的温度应力应引起重视.煤炭科学技术.1978

[8]崔云龙.简明建井工程手册.北京：煤炭工业出版社.2003

[9]崔广心.特殊地层条件竖井井壁破裂机理.建井技术.1998

[10]陆万象.弹性理论.北京：清华大学出版社.1990

Continuousmeasurementsofstressandtemperatureduringtestingofafibreshotcretepressureplug

undergroundgasstorage,pressurebarrier,fibreshotcrete,stress,temperature

Introduction

investigation.

● suitabilityoftheappliedfibreshotcretetechnology;

● thesafestructuralfunctionoftheplugatatestingpressureof13MPa;

● (im)permeabilityoftheplugbodyitself,theplug’scontactwiththerockmassand

therockcontinuuminthevicinityoftheplug;

● reliabilityofthedesignedmonitoringsystem.

Thesetofexperimentalworkimplementedintheplugtestingincludedcontinuous

measurementsofstressandtemperaturebothduringconstructionandduringthe

ofthecontinuousstressandtemperaturemeasurementswastoobtainknowledgeon

thetimebehaviourofthestressandtemperaturechangesinsidethefibreshotcrete

bodyandinitsvicinity.

Descriptionoftheundergroundgasstoragestructure

Thegasstoragefacilityincorporatesthreemainparts:

(a)anundergroundsectionwithaspaceforstoringofgas;

(b)atransitoryinterconnectingsectionwithfillingandtechnologicalbores;

(c)asurfacesectionwithtechnologicalfacilities.

Theundergroundstoragespaceisformedbyasystemofunlinedopeningscreating

anextensivegallery(Figure1).Thecrosssectionoftheopeningsis11–15m2.Thetotalvolumeofopeningsamountsto620,000m3,whichrepresents45kmofdrifts.Thetwoaccessroadsleadingtothegalleryareenclosedbytwopairsofspecialplugsoffibreshotcrete.Thespacebetweentheplugsisfilledbywaterandthepressureinthewaterisadjustedinrelationtothegaspressureinsidethestorage.The

Basicinformationontestplug

Thispaperpresentsresultsfromthefollowingcontinuousstressandtemperature

measurements:

●stressmeasurementsinsidethebodyofthefibreshotcreteandatthecontactbetweenthebodyandtherockmass,carriedoutbyusing15HPChydraulicpressurecells;

●temperatureinsidetheplugbodyandatthecontactoftheshotcretewiththerockmass,measuredby2semiconductorthermometers;

●rockmassstressmeasurementinthevicinityoftheairfaceoftheplug,carriedoutusing5measuringbolts.

Theinstallationofthemeasuringequipmentwascarriedoutinthreestagesaccordingtotheprogressofthetestplugshotcreting(Figure3a–3c).First,thehydraulicpressurecellsatthecontactbetweentheplugbodyandtherockmassweremounted,followedbythehydraulicpressurecellsandthermometersinsidetheplugbodyandfinallybythemeasuringbolts.

HPChydraulicpressurecells

Thehydraulicpressurecellsconsistedofaflatliquidcellmadefromstainlessplatewithadiameterof165mm.Acapillarytubeleadsfromthecellbodyintoametalcasecontainingatransducer.Inordertoenabletensilestressmeasurement,thecellscanbe‘overloadedwithpressure’whentheyarefilledwiththeliquidmedium.However,smalltensilestressesmaybemeasuredbythetransducerwithoutrequiringsuchmeasures.Anyshearstresseffectonthemeasuredradialstresseswaseliminatedbycreatingslidingcontactsurfaces.

Theresultsofnumericalmodellingoftheplug’sstateofstressanddeformationunderexperimentalloadingbyapressureof13MPa(Bart´ak,1994;Doleˇzalov´a,1997)showedthatthecontactradialstressvaluesattheangledpointcouldtheoreticallyreachavalueofupto50MPa.Therefore,theinclinedpartoftheplugwasequippedwith10HPCcellsdistributedaccordingtotheschemeinFigure3a.Aslidingcontactfacewasinstalledbetweenthecellandthelevellingcementbed,inordertoeliminatetheeffectofcontactshearstressesuponthemeasuredradialstressvalues.Spikesextendingfromthecellsurface(Figure4)wereusedtoavoidlossofFigure3.(a)Pressurecellsdistributionschemeatcontactofinclinedplugbreaking.(b)Pressurecellsandthermometersdistributionschemeinsidetheplug.(c)Measuringboltsdistributionscheme.

Semiconductorthermometers

Thetemperaturemeasurementwascarriedoutusingsemiconductorsensorsthat

changetheirresistancelinearlywithtemperature.Theoutputvoltagewasadjustedtocoverthetemperaturerangeof－10°to＋150°C.Thetwothermometerswereinstalledinsidethefibreshotcretebody,adjacenttothemarginalhydraulicpressurecells(Figure3b).

Measuringbolts

Measurementsandresults

Theoverallperiodmaybesubdividedintotwoparts:

●measurementsperformedduringhydrationandhardeningoffibreshotcreteformingthetestplug;

●measurementsperformedduringtheplug’sexperimentalpressureloading.

Stressandtemperaturemeasurementinsidetheplugduringfibreshotcretehydrationandhardening

Figure7showsthestressmeasuredbythehydraulicpressurecellHPC11andthe

shotcretebodyisreachedapproximatelyasfastasthatatthecontactofthebodywith

therockmass,i.e.during12–24hours.Thedropinstressduringshrinkagetooka

设备安装38号楼施工组织设计totalof3–7days.Inmostcases,thisdropcontinuedeveninthetensilestresszone

BasedonHooke’slaw,thestressinconcretearisingduringhydration(bytemperatureincrease)canbecalculatedbyusingthefollowingequation:

coefficientistakenas ε=0.00001to0.000005,bysubstitutioninequation(1)weachieve:

σhydration=55.8to11.6MPa

Therefore,themeasuredvalueof7.5MPaiswithintherangeofcalculatedvalues.

CJJ 122-2017 游泳池给水排水工程技术规程(完整正版、清晰无水印).pdfWhenboringoperationsprecedinggroutingwerestartedon1996,theelectriccablesleadingfromthemetersplacedinsidetheplugbodyweredamagedbydrillingandconsequentlymeasurementinsidetheplugbodyhadtobeprematurelyterminated.

Stressmeasurementintherockmass